The order followed a lawsuit filed by Human Design Italia, an association claiming to hold exclusive copyright in Italy and in the Italian language, based on a license from Alan Krakower’s (Ra Uru Hu) company, Jovian Archive. Human Design Italia had sued an Italian publisher, Terra Nuova, following the June 2019 publication of the book Human Design – Scopri la Tua Vera Natura by Chetan Parkyn, arguing that no one other than Human Design Italia had the right to publish books on Human Design. After a summary proceeding, the judge ruled otherwise. In the decision, the court stated that the plaintiffs had provided no evidence proving they held exclusive rights over “the Human Design system” or its teachings. These teachings involve ideas, procedures, and methods of representation that can be freely discussed, referenced, and illustrated by those who are not their authors, without this constituting a violation of intellectual property rights. Nor is it necessary to be authorized by a school or its founders in order to do so, as under Italian law, the expression of ideas is free and not subject to sectarian control. The principle, established under U.S. law and accepted by the Berne Convention for all signatory countries (including Italy), affirms that no copyright can be recognized over “an idea, procedure, process, system, method of operation, concept, principle, or discovery, regardless of the form in which it is described.” Therefore: “If Krakower cannot hold a general copyright over his ideas (as opposed to his specific works), then he cannot have transferred such a right to others.”